\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{array,amsmath,mathptmx,xcolor,bbding,pifont,colortbl,amssymb}
\usepackage[UTF8]{ctex}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}m{#1}}
% 只需要这个就可以
\usepackage[thicklines]{cancel}

% 可以设置线条颜色，默认是黑色
\usepackage{xcolor}
\renewcommand{\CancelColor}{\color{red}} 
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usepackage{tikz,graphicx,subfig,caption} % Required for drawing custom shapes
\usetikzlibrary{fit,matrix,chains,arrows,shapes,positioning,arrows.meta,chains,shadows,shapes.callouts,decorations.text,shapes.symbols,shapes.misc, positioning,decorations.pathreplacing,calc,backgrounds}
% 图边框颜色
\arrayrulecolor{blue}
% 设置浅蓝色
\definecolor{lightblue1}{RGB}{175, 175, 237}
\definecolor{lightgreen1}{RGB}{226, 246, 186}
\definecolor{lightgreen2}{RGB}{204, 255, 204}
% 设定删除线颜色
\renewcommand{\CancelColor}{\color{red}}

\begin{document}
	\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,every node/.style={,inner sep=0}]
		
		%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
		\node at (5em,0) (SYNBL){
			\begin{tabular}[draw=red]{|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|C{2em}|} \hline
				%  行1
				& \color{blue}E & \color{blue}T & \color{blue}F & \color{blue}+ & \color{blue}* & \color{blue}i & \color{blue}( & \color{blue})  \\     \hline
				%  行2
				\color{blue}E & & & & \color{blue}$=$ & & & & \color{blue}$=$ \\     \hline
				%  行3
				\color{blue}T & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & \color{blue}$=$ & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ \\     \hline
				%  行4
				\color{blue}F & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ \\     \hline
				%  行5
				\color{blue}+ & & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & & & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ &  \\     \hline
				%  行6
				\color{blue}* & & & \color{blue}$=$ & & & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ &  \\     \hline
				%  行7
				\color{blue}i & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ \\     \hline
				% 行8
				\color{blue}( & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & & & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ & \color{blue}$\lessdot$ &  \\     \hline
				% 行9
				\color{blue}) & & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ & & & \color{blue}$\gtrdot$ \\     \hline
			\end{tabular}
		};
		% 字2
		\node(word2)[align=center ] at ([xshift=-3.5em,yshift=-1em]SYNBL.west) {\color{red}文法符号之 \\ \color{red}间优先关系 \\ \color{red}不唯一！};
		\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
			\node [draw=black,fill=lightgreen2, rectangle, inner sep=0.2em,line width=0.0025em][fit=(word2)](box2){};
		\end{pgfonlayer}
		
		% 等号
		\node(equal1) at ([xshift=7.3em,yshift=0.2em]SYNBL.west) {\color{blue}$=$};
		\node(equal2) at ([xshift=4.4em,yshift=-4.5em]SYNBL.west) {\color{blue}$=$};
		
		\draw [color=red,densely dashed] ([yshift=1em]word2.east) - - (equal1.west);
		\draw [color=red,densely dashed] ([yshift=0.5em]word2.east) - - (equal2.west);
		
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}